Richard Adelbert Lipsius (February 14, 1830, Gera, Thuringia - August 19, 1892, Jena, Thuringia) was a distinguished German theologian.
Lipsius was a professor in succession at Vienna, Kiel, and Jena. He wrote on dogmatics, the philosophy of religion, and New Testament criticism, particularly the apocryphal acts of various apostles in his Apocrypha, Acts and Legends of the Apostles. He also investigated the history of the early papacy and controversially held that St. Peter never lived in Rome.